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光伏091班 专业英语（3）英汉对照 2.8 Durability of Concrete 2.8.1 Permeability of Concrete Penetration* of concrete by materials in solution may adversely affect its durability, for instance when Ca(OH) is being leached out or an attack by aggressive liquids takes place. This penetration depends on the permeability* of Concrete. Furthermore, in the case of reinforced concrete, the ingress of moisture and of air will result in the corrosion of steel. Since this leads to an increase in the volume of the steel, cracking and spalling of the concrete cover may well follow. 2.8混凝土的耐久性2.8.1混凝土渗透性混凝土的材料溶液中的穿透力*可能不利地影响它的耐用性，例如当的Ca（OH）正在被浸出或由腐蚀性液体的攻击发生。这种渗透取决于混凝土的渗透性*。此外，钢筋混凝土的情况下，水分和空气的入口会导致钢的腐蚀。由于这会导致钢的体积增加，混凝土盖板的开裂和剥落，可能遵循。It may be noted that movement of water through a thickness of concrete can be caused not only by a head of water but also by a humidity differential on the two sides of the concrete or by osmotic effect 可以指出的是可以运动的水通过一个厚度的混凝土的原因不仅是水的头部，但也由两侧上的混凝土或渗透效应的湿度差。 Both the cement paste and the aggregate contain pores. In addition, the concrete as a whole contains voids caused by incomplete compaction or by bleeding*. These voids may occupy between a fraction of one percent and 10percent of the volume of the concrete, the latter figure representing a highly honeycombed concrete* of very low strength. Since aggregate particles are enveloped by the cement paste, in fully compacted concrete it is the permeability of the paste that has the greatest effect on the permeability of the concrete. The flow of water through concrete is fundamentally similar to flow through any porous body. Since, however, the paste is composed of particles connected over only a small fraction of their total surface, a part of the water is within the field of force of the solid phase, i.e. it is adsorbed. This water has a high viscosity but is, nevertheless, mobile and takes part in the flow. 水泥浆和骨料含有毛孔。此外，作为一个整体的混凝土含有空隙所造成的不完全压实或出血*。这些空洞可能占据百分之一和10percent混凝土的体积，后面的数字表示高度蜂窝状的非常低强度混凝土*之间的一小部分。由于聚集体颗粒所包