Demographic Transition Model GEOGRAPHY GCSE人口转变模式的地理考试.pptVIP

Demographic Transition Model What is the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)? The demographic transition model explains the transformation of countries from having high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. In developed countries this transition began in the 18th century and continues today. Less developed countries began the transition later and many are still in earlier stages of the model. Task One Make a copy of the DTM in your books, across a double page. Make sure you add appropriate labels/detail. 10 minutes Stage One Birth Rate is high because of: Lack of family planning High Infant Mortality Rate: putting babies in the bank Need for workers in agriculture Religious beliefs Children as economic assets Death Rate is high because of: High levels of disease Famine Lack of clean water and sanitation Lack of health care War Competition for food from predators such as rats Lack of education Typical of Britain in the 18th century and the Least Economically Developed Countries (LEDCs) today. Birth Rate and Death rate are both high. Population growth is slow and fluctuating. Stage Two Death Rate is falling as a result of: Improved health care (e.g. Smallpox Vaccine) Improved Hygiene (Water for drinking boiled) Improved sanitation Improved food production and storage Improved transport for food Decreased Infant Mortality Rates Typical of Britain in 19th century; Bangladesh; Nigeria Birth Rate remains high. Death Rate is falling. Population begins to rise steadily. Stage Three Reasons behind birth and death rate falling: Family planning available Lower Infant Mortality Rate Increased mechanization reduces need for workers Increased standard of living Changing status of women Typical of Britain in late 19th and early 20th century; China; Brazil Birth Rate starts to fall. Death Rate continues to fall. Population rising. Stage Four Birth Rate is low. Death Rate is low. Population steady. Typical of USA; Sweden; Japan; B