Developmental Screening and Assessment What Are We Thinking发展筛选和评估我们在想什么.pptVIP

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Developmental Screening and Assessment What Are We Thinking发展筛选和评估我们在想什么.ppt

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Glen P. Aylward, Ph.D., ABPP Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield, IL Q 1: Is there a “Gold Standard” in Developmental Evaluation? reference standard Flynn effect (.3-.5 pt/year) Bayley Scales (1969; 1993; 2006) BSID—BSID II (MDI 12 pts lower, PDI 7 points) BSID-II?BSID-III (mental 6 pts higher; motor 8 pts higher) Mean 7 pt increase; comparability is limited Length/pragmatics Q2: Is There Agreement as to What Qualifies as a Developmental Delay? “precision issue” 20% delay ? 2 standard deviations below the mean for a reference group? Score compared to “local norms”? A ratio/criterion measure? Acceptance of psychometrically poor tests Recommend SD cutoffs Q3: Does Development (DQ)= Intelligence (IQ)? Neurologic?motor?sensorimotor? cognitive Skill?function?integrated functional unit? intelligence Complexity increases in concert with age Skill, function = potential Different streams, different rates Younger than age 2: simple cognitive functions—only after discrete functions are combined do we predict later “intelligence” Canalized Behavior Species-specific, prewired, self-righting Fixed behavior pattern Not highly complex More canalized, less affected by adverse circumstances Less canalized, weaker self-righting, greater likelihood of disruption Sensorimotor behaviors are strongly canalized Impact on test results/prediction Integrated Functions Individual developmental skill/ability is not most important Integration of abilities into functional units that control these abilities Ability to integrate functions?information processing, memory, discrimination, attention Musicians [skills]?section of orchestra [function]?integration of sections (conductor)? concert IQ/DQ Ambiguity BSID-III Cognitive Composite Mullen Scales Early Learning Composite SB-V NVIQ, VIQ, FSIQ K-ABC/2 Mental Processing Composite; Mental Processing Index WPPSI-III FSIQ MSCA General Cognitive Index (GCI) DAS General Cognitive Ability (GCA) Cattell IQ Q4: Is a Ra