木材生产技术与管理.docVIP

躯干：森林作业科学与技术；两条腿:1、林业装备2、林区道路。 1、What is Forest Engineering? A branch of engineering concerned with the solution of forestry problems with regard to long-range environmental and economic effects. (Sci-Tech Dictionary. ) 2、我国森林资源的特点： Rich in tree species and broad area suitable for forests 宜林地区广，树种多 2、Low forest coverage and low stand stocking 森林覆盖率低3. Uneven distribution森林资源地区分布不均 ：Northeast – largest natural forest area Southwest – 2nd largest natural forest area Southeast – mainly plantations and secondary forests 四大林区1、东北林区2、北方林区3、东南林区4、西南林区 3、第八次全国森林资源清查（2009-2013年）(The Eighth National Forest Resources Inventory )结果显示，中国森林面积达到1.95亿ha2.08亿ha森林覆盖率20.36%21.6% 世界第五 4、Five forest types公益林（保护林、特殊用材林）商业林（用材林，经济林，薪炭林）A harvest plan is a set of environmental standards, rules and regulations 12、The primary objective of logging planning:1、is economy of operation,2、to develop comprehensive strategic and operational planning mechanisms that ensure that forest values will be protected during harvesting,3、to ensure responsible use of land and forest resources for the maximum benefit of all stakeholders,4、to develop plans that take account of the socio-economic and environmental impacts on the area,5、to provide efficient and environmentally responsible means of harvesting timber. 13、There are two stages of harvest planning:1、preliminary pre-harvest planning comprehensive harvest planning. 14、Preliminary planning is a fairly simple plan and prepared： by a forestry consultant ， for a forest landowner prior to conducting a timber sale. 15、Pre-harvest planning is the gathering and analysis of：maps, photographs, a forest inventory, other documents, several visits to the future harvest site. 16、预规划核心1、Mark boundaries 2、soil(well-drained poorly-drained) 3、Mark existing forest roads 4、Lay out(landing roads skid trails storage) 5、Marking critical areas 6、stream crossing 7、SMS河流缓冲带 17、重点Tools for planning a timber harvest: 1、GPS, caliper