【2017年整理】高等传热学-论文.docVIP

自保温空心砖传热性能研究 （山东建筑大学 热能工程学院济南）In the current situation of energy and building energy conservation, compared with traditional bricks, the Self-insulation Hollow brick as a new building material has excellent heat insulation performance besides it has some advantages such as service life consisting with the life of building, relatively simple construction, easy to ensure construction quality and easy to exterior wall finishes, low price. Therefore, the Self-insulation Hollow brick is widely used in construction engineering. As a result of its excellent heat insulation performance, the Self-insulation Hollow brick is focused much attention by researchers in energy conservation. At present, the simulation test is mainly adopted in the study of the heat insulation performance of the Self - insulation Hollow brick. In this paper, the software of gambit and fluent are applied to simulate experiments about the heat insulation performance of different kinds of hollow bricks and thus the factors influencing heat insulation performance of the new brick are confirmed, which offers references to improve the heat insulation performance of hollow bricks. Key words：the self-insulation hollow brick; heat insulation performance; simulation test; the software of Gambit and Fluent 1 引 言 1.1 空心砖自保温的研究意义 在我国城市化迅速发展的大趋势下，建筑的建造规模越来越大，建筑能耗在能源的总消耗量中所占比例也逐年的上升。然而这些建筑能耗中包含巨大的能量损失，仅建筑围护结构的热损失就将近总损失的77%，其中墙体又在围护结构中占的比例最大，大约59.4%的热量都是通过墙体散发出去的。由此可见降低建筑能耗的关键措施之一是降低墙体的散热损失，即提高墙体的保温隔热能力。目前，墙体保温技术主要有外墙内保温技术、外保温技术和墙体的自保温技术（即空心砖的自保温技术）。 外墙内保温技术应用相对较少，因为它存在以下问题： 内保温复合墙体 保温隔热能力较差，外墙的平均传热系数偏高 根据相关研究，采用内保温技术，其主体结构的传热系数比平均传热系数要高出1.8～2.0。 不利于室内装修 二次装修时破坏内保温结构：当今住宅一般都只进行初装修，户主入住前必然要进行二次装修后才能入住，内保温结构容易遭到破坏。 占用室内使用空间 室内装修已经完成的情况下，如果再进行墙体内保温，必然要在墙体上加装保温材料，占用室内的使用空间。 保温层容易出现裂缝 由于外墙的温差较大，这种温差将直接影响到墙体内表面的应力变化，一般情况下这种变化比外保温墙体的要大得多。外墙和屋面受到太阳辐射热的作用而引起温度变化的幅度较大。当室内温度高于室外温度时，内墙收缩幅度比外保温隔热速度慢；当室内温度低于室外温度时，内墙膨胀的幅度比外保温隔热体系快，这样的反反复复的形变使内保温隔热体一直终处于一个不稳定的墙体基础上，在这种形变应力反反复复的作用下，不仅外墙易遭受温差应力的破坏，内保温隔热体系也易发生空鼓开裂的情况。 影响施工进度