人工草地不同措施对杂草发生状况的影响.docVIP

人工草地不同措施对杂草发生状况的影响 谢健1，陈彬1，武玉祥1，田兵1，文令2，李升3 ，冉雪琴2，王嘉福2,3* 贵州大学，生命科学学院，贵州，贵阳 550025；2．贵州大学动物科学学院，贵州贵阳550025；3．贵州大学农业工程省重点实验室，贵州贵阳550025） 摘要：在人工草地设置不同管理模式、不同种植类型两个实验组。对不同管理模式下杂草入侵情况进行分析，用重要值来反应各种杂草的入侵程度；另外人工管理组分别设置六种种植类型：鸭茅（80%）＋菊苣（20%）、鸭茅（80%）＋白三叶（20%）（80%）（20%）/m2，皆为最低，实验数据表明黑麦草竞争能力强于车前草和鸭茅。 关键词：人工草地，管理模式，种植类型，杂草 Effect of Various Measures on weed occurrence from artificial grass Xie Jian1， Tian Bing1，Chen Bin1，Wu Yu-xiang1，Wen Lin2，Li Sheng3， Ran Xue-qin2，Wang Jia-fu23* (1．College of Life Sciences，Guizhou University，Guiyang Guizhou 550025，Chinabstrct: The situation of weeds invasion was analyzed by different level of management and planting model in cultivated grassland. The level of weeds invasion was analyzed by using importance value. Six sowing types were Dactylis glomerata( L.（80%）＋Cichorium intybus L.（20%）Dactylis glomerata( L.)（80%）＋Trifolium repens（20%）Plantago asiatica( L.)（80%）＋Trifolium repens（20%Lolium perenne (L.)，Plantago asiatica( L.) Dactylis glomerata( L.). The results showed that the many kinds of weeds were observed in cultivated grassland, which belong to 38 species in 18 families. The weeds were occurred seriously at extensive management, which were 81.5% including 31 species. The dominant weeds were Chenopodium album (L.),Siegesbeckia orientalis(L.),Conyza canadensis (L.) and Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart.）Griseb.he weeds including 10 species were found at intensive management, Alternanthera philoxeroides（Mart.）Griseb w the dominate species. 4 weeds were observed in sowing Lolium perenne (L.) and its density was 12.5 plants per square meter in different planting group, all of these were the lowest compared to Dactylis glomerata( L.) and Plantago asiatica( L.). key words: cultivated grassland， modes of management, planting type, weeds 人工草地既为草食畜提供了优质的饲草，同时又绿化了荒山，增加了植被盖度，减少了水土流失，经济、社会、生态等综合效益非常明显[1]。建植人工草地、推进草地畜牧业发展是喀斯特地区解决农村贫困和生态环境不断恶化的有效途径之一[2]。影响人工草地生态系统的关键因素较多，如播种方式、放牧强度、种植时限以及施肥状况等[3]；人工草地是在原有植被被破坏的基础上建植的，由于立地条件的限定，必然向着原有植被方向进行恢复演替，这种演