专业英语陈伟.docVIP

注意：内容PPt前49页(可能会有遗漏)。复制粘贴加翻译软件，会有很多错误的地方，需要自行调整，仅供参考！！！ Chapter 1 Food safety issues of new biotechnologies 章 1 食品安全问题新的生物技术 Food legislation in all countries is intended to ensure the safety of human and animal foods, including food ingredients produced by both traditional and modern methods in both short- and long-term usage. 所有国家的食品法规意在确保安全的人类和动物的食物，包括食品原料生产的传统与现代的方法，在短期和长期的用法。 However, judgments with respect to the degree of risk-benefit involved must be based on the data of expensive chemical, toxicological, and nutritional tests. Such data, supplemented with detailed experimental data, are then submitted to the appropriate regulatory agency. 然而，对于何种程度的风险收益的判断必须基于昂贵的化学，毒理学和营养测试的数据。这类数据，辅以详细的实验数据，然后提交到相应的监管机构。 The commercial success of a new technology depends on its ease of entry into the market place. 一项新技术的商业成功取决于市场的地方进入其易用性。 Obtaining regulatory clearances to manufacture and market products, however, results in long delays in the delivery of useful products. 获得监管部门的批准生产和销售的产品，然而，导致长时间延迟的有用产品的交付。 Extensive safety testing is an impediment in the food industry, in particular, with its traditionally low margins of profit. Governments of all countries are trying to adhere as closely as possible to internationally agreed food standards developed through the Codex Alimentarius Commission jointly administered by the World Health Organization(WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) of the United Nations. 广泛的安全测试的障碍，在食品工业中，特别是，以利润其传统的低利润率。所有国家的政府试图尽可能地坚持开发通过食品法典委员会由世界卫生组织和粮食及农业 Organization(FAO) 的联合国共同管理的国际商定的食品标准。 Each government agency usually sets standards not only for the composition and microbiological standards of foods, but also for their labeling and advertising. Government agencies regulate the use of food additives such as preservatives, coloring agents, and antioxidants and restrict claims of therapeutic or prophylactic value and “naturalness” of foods. 每个政府机构通常设置不仅成分和微生物标准的食品，而且他们的标签及广告的标准。政府机构规管防腐剂、 着色剂和抗氧化剂等食品添加剂的使用和限制的治疗或预防性的价值主张和自然的食品。 Man