动词-ing形式用法.ppt

二.动词-ing形式的 时态 与 语态 例：a sleeping boy 一个正在睡觉的男孩 a developing country a walking stick 手杖 drinking water 饮用水 an interesting book Having carried wood for 12 hours,the workers were still forced to do other heavy work 虽然这些工人已经搬了12个小时的木头，但是还被迫干其他重活 * 一. 动词-ing形式的两个基本特点:表主动或者表进行 1.在时间上表示动作正在进行 试比较： a fallen leaf 已经落地的树叶 eg： a falling leaf 正在飘落的树叶 2. 在语态上表示主动 eg. Our teacher came into the room, following our monitor. 我们的老师跟在班长后面，走进教室。 试比较： Our teacher came into the room,followed by our monitor. 我们老师走进教室，班长跟在他后面。 一般式 主动 doing 被动 being done 完成式 主动 having done 被动 having been done ⑴ 一般形式 doing : 表主动，表进行，表示分词动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生 eg. Hearing the wonderful music, I came into the room. 听着美妙的音乐，我走进了教室。 ⑵ 被动形式 being done : 表被动，表进行 eg. Being educated in Beijing University is the dream of many students. 在北京大学受教育是许多学生的梦想。 ⑶ 完成形式 having done :表主动，表完成，表示分词动作发生在谓语动作之前 eg. Having finished his homework, he went to play with his friends.. 完成作业之后，他和朋友去玩了。 ⑷ 完成被动形式 having been done ： 表被动，表完成 ，表示分词动作发生在谓语 动作之前 eg. I hear they have promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention having been promoted when we talked on the phone. 我听说他们提拔了汤姆，但我们在电话里交谈时汤姆没有提到被提拔的事。 三.动词-ing在句子当中担当的句子成分：主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补，状语 ⑴动词-ing 形式作主语通常放句首，被看作是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 1.做主语 eg. Getting up early is a good habit. eg. It is no use talking with him. It was a waste of time watching TV. ⑵ 有时用 it 作形式主语，把动词-ing 形式 置后。例如： a waste of time no good/no use It +be+ useless + V-ing worthwhile fun ⑶在 there be 结构中，例如： no sense in（没有道理） There be+ no point in（毫无意义） +V-ing eg. There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。