Enclosure Fire Dynamics IAFSS火灾动力学iafss.pptVIP

Conclusions Rapid development in the building industry, larger and more complex buildings, more complex technologies, design and materials New building regulations based on performance requirements Progress in the understanding in fire phenomena, risk concepts and human behaviour has been rapidly increasing Many models available for simulating fires and simulating movement of humans But, there is a lack of education in Fire Safety Engineering * Each course unit represents breaking down the problem into individual pieces Content Classification of fire models Computer fire models Zone models (Example CFAST) CFD models (Example FDS, Fire Dynamics Simulator) Egress models Application of fire models Conclusions CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) ? At some point in time, the number of equations and complexity of the zone model reach a point where it may be better to use a CFD code – For example: ? Very large buildings or tall atria ? Detailed wall heat transfer calculations ? Radiation transfer for flame spread ? Sprinkler suppression ? As we will see, just because we are using a CFD code does not mean we have the right (correct) answer! Computation fluid dynamics(CFD) models Solve conservation equations over a large number of control volumes – Navier-Stokes equations – Field equations ? The big problem… – Combustion time scales down to 10-3 – 10-6 seconds – Length scales down to 10-6 m – But our problem dimensions are in 10’s of meters and minutes – Computer resources not (yet) ready General transport equation ? φ is any one of the solution variables (u,v,w, enthalpy, concentration) ? Linear partial differential equation ? Source can include combustion, radiation etc. Discretization ? Discretization = divide the area of interest (domain) into many control volumes ? Type of discretization can have a big impact on how the equations are solved ? Solving conservation equations only at a limited number of points CFD computational domain with structured grid Unstruct