ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS CHEMICAL FORMULAS NOTES元素化合物化学公式.pptVIP

ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS CHEMICAL FORMULAS NOTES Elements—kinds of matter composed of only one chemically distinct type of atom. The periodic table of the elements: contains all of the known elements in the universe is organized so all of the rows and columns have a reason first developed by_____________________ in 1869 D’mitri Mendeleev 6 C 12 The top number is called the _______________ and it tells you how many _____________________are in the nucleus. The letter is the __________________ for the element, C is ________. The bottom number is the_________ __________________; it tells you how many ___________plus___________--there are in the nucleus. ____________________are kinds of matter composed of atoms of 2 or more elements. A ________________ _________________ occurs when 2 or more different elements or compounds are combined and form a new combination of those elements. Example: H2 + Cl2 2HCl Atomic Number Protons Symbol CARBON Atomic Mass Protons plus Neutrons Compounds Chemical change *Remember: atoms like to have their last energy level filled - Chlorine has ____electrons in its last energy level. How many would it want to get 8 and fill the last energy level?_____________ - Sodium has only ___electrons in its last energy level. So it would want to give that one to Chlorine. They would both be happy. *When they combine, sodium loses an electron. If an element loses an electron; it becomes a _________ion. Chlorine gains an electron. When an atom gains an electron, it becomes a __________ion. 7 1 1 positive NEGATIVE For this reason, sodium is sometimes written Na+ and Chlorine is sometimes written as Cl- and then it has a different number of electrons than protons and becomes an ion. Write the number of Protons and Electrons for each of the following atoms: Example: Na+ 11 protons(+) (top number) 10 electrons (-). The overall charge is positive: 11-10= 1. Protons