Endokrin Sistem mustafaaltinisikendokrin mustafaaltinisik系统.uk.pptVIP

The Endocrine System Endocrine System Endocrine vs. Exocrine Organs are not physically connected Alters activities of target organs/cells Purpose: Growth/Development Reproduction Regulation Stress Reactions Hormones are Activated By Hormonal Humoral Neural Gland/Hormone Functions Some glands produce 1 hormone Some hormones produced by 1 gland Some organs have 1 function Some hormones have 1 function Functions of Endocrine Glands Endocrine Functions only Production Secretion Contained within other organs which have other functions Categories of Glands Central: Pituitary Hypothalamus Peripheral: Thyroid Pineal Adrenals Gonads Parathyroids Pancreas Thymus Others Hypothalamus Found on floor of diencephalon Neural and endocrine functions Biofeedback mechanism for: Osmotic pressures Temperature regulations Metabolic functions Pituitary Extends from Hypothalamus-behind sphenoid bone “Master Gland” of body Anterior- Portal network Posterior- Neural-contains axons of Hypothalamus neurons Anterior Pituitary GH- Growth Hormone Prolactin TSH- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ACTH- Adrenocorticotropic FSH- Follicle Stimulating Hormone LH- Luteinizing Hormone Posterior Pituitary ADH- Anti-Diuretic Hormone Oxytocin Pituitary Disorders Acromegaly- Hypersecretion of GH Dwarfism- Hyposecretion of GH Thyroid Inferior to larynx 2 Lobes T3- Triiodothyronine T4- Thyroxine Calcitonin Thyroid Disorders Hypothyroidism- Hyposecretion Hyperthyroidism- Hypersecretion Graves Disease Goiters- iron deficiencies Parathyroids 4 small glands posterior surface of thyroid Parathyroid hormone Responsible for osteoclast of bone Decreases blood phosphate levels (By way of kidneys) Enhances activation of Vitamin D Parathyroid Disorders Hyperparathyroidism “Moan and groan, stones and bones” Pineal Gland Forms part of diencephalon Melatonin Inhibits hypothalamus release of gonadotropins Melatonin-decreases in light/increase in dark (circadian