Endocrine System WOU Homepage内分泌系统的主页。.pptVIP

hypothalamus pituitary (anterior lobe) capillary bed endocrine cell blood flow blood flow capillary bed pituitary (posterior lobe) Oxytocin and ADH (blue triangles) are secreted into the blood via capillaries in the posterior pituitary Endocrine cells of the anterior pituitary secrete hormones (red squares) in response to releasing hormones; the pituitary hormones enter the bloodstream Neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus produce oxytocin and ADH Releasing or inhibiting hormones (green circles) are secreted into capillaries feeding the anterior lobe of the pituitary Neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus produce releasing and inhibiting hormones 1 2 1 2 3 Pituitary Hormones Pituitary Hormone Functions Follicle-stimulating hormone Stimulates egg maturation in the ovary and release of sex hormones. Lutenizing hormone Stimulates maturation of egg and of the corpus luteum surrounding the egg, which affects female sex hormones and the menstrual cycle. Thyroid-stimulating hormone Stimulates the thyroid to release thyroxine. Adrenocorticotropic hormone Causes the adrenal gland to release cortisol. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone Stimulates synthesis of skin pigments. Growth hormone Stimulates growth during infancy and puberty. Antidiuretic hormone Signals the kidney to conserve more water. Oxytocin Affects childbirth, lactation, and some behaviors. Endocrine Hormones Gland Hormones Functions Thyroid Thyroxine Regulates metabolism Calcitonin Inhibits release of calcium from the bones Parathyroids Parathyroid hormone Stimulates the release of calcium from the bones. Islet cells (in the pancreas) Insulin Decreases blood sugar by promoting uptake of glucose by cells. Glucagon Increases blood sugar by stimulating breakdown of glycogen in the liver. Testes Testosterone Regulates sperm cell production and secondary sex characteristics. Ovaries Estrogen Stimulates egg maturation, controls secondary sex characteristics. Progesterone Prepares the uteru