Evolution and Natural Selection Mt进化与自然选择机器翻译. Olive School District.pptxVIP

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Evolution and Natural Selection Mt进化与自然选择机器翻译. Olive School District.pptx

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Evolution and Natural Selection Change over time… Geology Began to study rock layers called strata George Cuvier Studied fossils Found extinct species and noticed the deeper the fossil the more unique Catastrophism Charles Lyell Believed the earth to be millions of years old Uniformitarianism Jean Baptiste Lamarck In 1809, Lamarck proposed that organisms evolved into more and more complex forms through use and disuse and the inheritance of acquired characteristics Organism strived to improve, causing new body structures to develop and “unused” structures to disappear Used structures would pass on to the offspring This theory is NOT accepted today Charles Darwin and the Beagle In 1831, at the young age of 21, Charles Darwin took a job as a naturalist on the British ship know as the H.M.S. Beagle On his five year journey Darwin studied and collected many different organisms When Darwin arrived at the Galapagos Islands, he was intrigued by the odd variety of species he saw there The Galapagos Islands This small group of islands is home to many unique creatures, such as the giant tortoise, large marine iguanas, and flightless birds know as the cormorant In particular, Darwin noticed that there were many varieties of finches. Each variety was similar to the finches of the mainland of South America, yet adapted to its environment in a unique way. ADAPTATION – Any inherited characteristic or behavior that helps an organism better survive in its environment The Origin of Species When Darwin returned to England, he took his findings and compiled them into a book. It was not until another scientist, Alfred Wallace, approached him with his findings of how evolution worked that Darwin would publish his work. In 1859, Darwin published The Origins of Species, By Means of Natural Selection He stated that evolution occurred through natural selection. Natural Selection Darwin proposed that natural selection caused species to change Overproduction - Organisms produce more offspring