耐低钾玉米灌浆至成熟期生理特性研究.doc

耐低钾玉米自交系灌浆至成熟期生理特性研究1 王晓磊，于海秋*，依兵，蒋春姬，王晓光，曹敏建* （沈阳农业大学农学院，辽宁 沈阳，110161） 摘要：研究耐低钾玉米自交系灌浆至成熟期的生理特性，探讨耐低钾的生理机制，为钾高效玉米育种提供理论依据。以多年筛选的典型耐低钾玉米自交系90-21-3和典型不耐低钾玉米自交系D937为试材，天然低钾土壤进行田试验，灌浆至成熟期测定根系形态、叶片持绿性、各器官的钾素积累量，钾利用效率，产量及产量性状。与不耐低钾玉米自交系相比，低钾胁迫耐低钾玉米自交系主要表现平均根长增加幅度大根体积、根表面积和根平均直径下降幅度小持绿叶片数、单株绿叶面积、相对绿叶面积的下降幅度小叶绿素含量增加根、叶、雌穗中的钾积累量略有增加茎中的钾积累量下降幅度小各叶片和叶鞘的钾含量下降幅度小，尤其棒三叶的叶片和叶鞘表现最为突出雌穗干重下降幅度小秃尖长产量降低的幅度小钾素利用效率高。耐低钾玉米自交系在低钾胁迫下平均根长，各叶片和叶鞘中的钾含量，绿叶面积大，绿叶面积持续期长，叶绿素含量高，钾素利用率高，籽粒部位器官，产量较高。 关键词：耐低钾玉米自交系；根系形态；钾素吸收；持绿性Physiological Characteristics of Maize Inbred Lines Tolerant to Low Potassium from Filling Stage to Maturity WANG Xiao-lei，YU Hai-qiu，YI Bing，JIANG Chun-ji，WANG Xiao-guang，CAO Min-jian （College of Agronomy，Shenyang Agricultural University，Liaoning，Shenyang，100161，China) Abstract： Study by physiological characteristics of maize inbred lines tolerant to low potassium from filling stage to maturity， investigate the physiological mechanism of maize resistant to low potassium， in order to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient maize breeding; Typical maize inbred lines tolerant to K+ deficiency(90-21-3) and sensitive to K+ deficiency(D937) as materials， through direct seeding in natural potassium deficiency field， determined the root morphology， potassium of different organs， leaves stay green， KUE， yield and related traits in the filling stage to maturity; Compared with the sensitive to K+ deficiency， the responses of maize inbred lines tolerant to K+ deficiency mainly in root dry weight and average root length increased by a big margin; Root volume， root surface area and the average diameter of root decreased by a small rate; Holding the number of green leaf area per plant， the relative small decrease in leaf area， chlorophyll content become more; Roots， leaves， ear in a slightly increased accumulation of potassium ， in stem declined a little; Potassium content of leaves and leaf sheaths of a smaller decline， particularly clover leaf and sheath rod was the most prominent;