厌氧氨氧化细菌的筛选试验研究.docVIP

环境工程论文 厌氧氨氧化细菌的筛选试验研究 专 业:环境工程 摘要 生物脱氮一直是人们关注的问题尤其在一些富含氨废水和低C/N比废水的脱氮处理方面一直困扰着人们而最近开发的一些Anammox工艺OLAND工艺等解决了这个问题但是由于这些系统的主要负责细菌的难获得性和难培养性制约了工程应用的发展NH4+和NO2-或NO3-时，NH4+作为反硝化的无机电子供体，NO2-/NO3-作为电子受体，生成氮气的这一过程。因而，此过程可以大量节省脱氮过程中的能源和碳源成本，具有很大的实际应用前景。本试验所采用的废水为人工配水 本试验采用一套有效容积为60 L的UASB反应器，接种普通城市污水处理厂厌氧消化池污泥，以自配含NH4+-N和NO2--N的废水为进水，对Anammox反应过程的启动和运行特征进行了研究。结果表明：在反应器运行的第62天， NH4+-N和NO2--N的去除率分别为92.82%，95.19%，成功启动了Anammox过程。Anammox反应过程中，去除的NH4+-N、NO2--N和生成的NO3--N的比例表现为1:1.38:0.24。 pH出水高于进水，稳定在7.4左右。碱度进、出水变化不大。获得的具有厌氧氨氧化活性的污泥为红色，并在反应器的下部形成了红色颗粒污泥。 温度、pH和基质浓度等条件都对Anammox反应的稳定运行产生明显影响，因此， 在厌氧氨氧化培养条件优化的实验中，我们对温度、pH和基质浓度等运行条件都做了一定的研究。由此，也确定了最佳厌氧氨氧化能力的工艺条件：温度大约为32℃、pH为7.4、NO2--N浓度为100mg/L（NH4+-N浓度为75 mg/L）。 关键词：Anammox反应；UASB反应器；启动；运行条件 Abstract Biological nitrogen removal always absorbs people’s eyes. Especially, nitrogen removal of rich ammonium contained water and low ratio C/N water were troubling people. Recently several processes, such as Anammox, OLAND et al, resolved this problem. But due to the bacteria mainly duty for these systems are very difficult to cultivated, these processes are not easy to apply full-scale plant. This book focused on finding a simple method of how to select Anammox-bacteria from natural environments. Anammox process is a process that while there are exiting NH4+ and NO2- / NO3- at the same time in an anaerobic environment, NH4+ is uesd as the inorganic denitrification electron donor and NO2-/NO3- as the electron acceptor to generate nitrogen. Therefore, this process can be substantial savings the cost of energy and nitrogen and carbon, it has a great practical application in the future. Synthetic wastewater was used in this study. The start-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process and operational characteristics in a 60L upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor seeding with activated sludge from a municipal sewage treatment plant was investigated. The UASB bioreactor was feed with artificial wastewat