鼻咽部放疗后口干患者的磁共振检查护理.docxVIP

鼻咽癌放疗后致口干症患者的磁共振检查护理 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院放射科 罗馨 黄玲 宋黎 王承缘 彭莉* 摘要 目的：探讨鼻咽癌放疗后致口干症患者的磁共振检查护理方法。方法：86例鼻咽癌放疗致口干症患者根据有无饮水需求分为两组，对照组采用常规护理；干预组采用常规护理和特殊护理（加强宣教，米袋填塞固定头颈部，根据患者需求适时给予饮用温水等护理干预）。比较两组患者的一次性完成检查成功率及不适主诉率，患者的不适主诉限定于闷热及口干原因。结果：对照组患者一次性检查成功率(57.5 %)明显低于干预组患者一次性检查成功率（93.5 %）；对照组不适主诉率（63.5%）明显高于干预组不适主诉率（6.5%），两组对照有显著差异。结论：特殊护理对于鼻咽癌放疗后致口干症患者顺利有效完成检查，获得良好图像质量具有积极的临床意义。 [Abstract] Purpose: To study the nursing treatment of magnetic resonance imaging examination for xerostomia after radiotherapy in treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods and materials: According to the presence of water demand, 86 patients who suffer from xerostomia after radiotherapy in treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were divided into two groups. The control group took routine care, while the intervention group took routine and special care, that is strengthen education, fixing head and neck with rice bags filling, according to the patients demand timely give warm water, etc. Compare the two groups with the success rate of one-time check and uncomfortable chief complaint rate which limited to hot and xerostomia.Results: The success rate of one-time check was 57.5% in control group, 93.5% in intervention group. The two group had a statistical difference. The uncomfortable chief complaint rate was 63.5% in control group, 6.5% in intervention group. The two group also had a statistical difference.Conclusion: The special care to patients who suffer from xerostomia of radiotherapy in treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is good for completing examination smoothly and obtaining a high-quality picture. 鼻咽癌作为我国常见的恶性肿瘤，其病理类型主要为鳞癌、腺癌、未分化癌等，放射治疗是其常用治疗方法，但放疗致唾液腺和口腔黏膜受损，口干症是主要后遗症之一。【1】由于MRI软组织分辨率高，能清楚地显示鼻咽腔和周围的解剖结构、颈部淋巴结、颅底骨质受累情况，对鼻咽癌的早期诊断、治疗监测具有较大的临床价值，因此MRI已成为鼻咽癌的首选影像学检查方法。鼻咽癌患者放疗后由于鼻塞、口干咽部不适在检查过程中经常会做吞咽动作，造成运动伪影，影响图像质量和延长检查时间。所以为了放疗后口干症鼻咽癌患者能顺利完成检查，保证图像质量及诊断的准确性，2011年3月－2012年12月，我科对干预组46例鼻咽癌放疗后口干症患者给予特殊护理效果满意，现报告如下。 1. 资料与方法 1.1一般资料 本组96例磁共振复查的鼻咽癌放疗后致口干症患者均使用ＧＥ公司Hdxt3.0T超导磁共振仪，头颈联合线圈，常规扫描序列矢状位T