History and Anthology of America【DOC精选】.doc

History and Anthology of America History?and?Anthology?of?American?Literature??(VolumeⅠⅡ) 美国文学史及选读1、2 PartⅠThe?Literature?of?Colonial?America殖民主义时期的文学 1.?17世纪早期English?and?European?explorers开始登陆美洲。在他们之前100多年Caribbean?Islands,?Mexico?and?other?Parts?of?South?America已被the?Spanish占领。 2.?17th早期English?settlements?in?Virginia?and?Massachusetts(弗吉尼亚和马萨诸塞)开始了美国历史 3.?美国最早殖民者(earliest?settlers)included?Dutch?,Swedes?,Germans?,French?,Spaniards?,Italians?and?Portuguese??(荷兰人，瑞典人，德国人，法国人，西班牙人，意大利人及葡萄牙人等)。 4.?美国早期文学主要为the?narratives?and?journals?of?these?settlements采用in?diaries?and?in?journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the?land?with?dense?forests?and?deep-blue?lakes?and?rich?soil. 5.?第一批美国永久居民：the?first?permanent?English?settlement?in?North?America?was?established?at?Jamestown,Virginia?in?1607(北美弗吉尼亚詹姆斯顿)。 6.?船长约翰·史密斯Captain?John?Smith他的作品(reports?of?exploration)17th早期出版 7.?美国第一位作家：1608年Captain?John?Smith写了封信《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》“A?True?Relation?of?Such?Occurrences?and?Accidents?of?Note?as?Hath?Happened?in?Virginia?Since?the?First?Planting?of?That?Colony”. 8.?他的第二本书1612年《弗吉尼亚地图，附：一个乡村的描述》“A?Map?of?Virginia:?with?a?Description?of?the?Country”. 9.?他一共出版了八本书，其中有关于新英格兰的历史及描述。其破产后做为向导sought?a?post?as?guide?to?the?Pilgrims.他1624年《弗吉尼亚通史》“General?History?of?Virginia”,讲述了传奇故事how?the?Indian?princess?Pocahontas(?波卡洪特斯)saved?him. 10.?他保存了殖民者在Jamestown早期开荒史及explored?the?rivers?and?bays?around?the?Chesapeake?region(切萨皮克地区)，最重要的是he?saw?from?the?beginning?what?was?eventually?to?be?a?basic?principle?of?American?history,?the?need?of?“workers”instead?of?“gentlemen”for?the?tough?job?of?planting?colonies?and?pushing?the?frontiers?westward. 11.?早期新英格兰文学主要关于theological,?moral,?historical?and?political. 12.?清教徒坚韧耐劳，严格遵守教义the?Puritans?in?New?England?embraced?hardships,?together?with?the?discipline?of?a?harsh?church想建立神权社会found?a?theocracy,他们生活简朴，意志坚定，我行我素，不屈不挠地斗争they?had?toughness,?purpose?and?character,?they?grappled?strongly?with?challenges?they?set?themselves.他们的基本价值观：注重勤劳，节俭，虔诚和节制hard?work,?thrift,?pie