【人教版】高中英语选修六：Unit 2 Poems 语法探究.docVIP

Unit2 Poems 语法探究 （一）虚拟语气在if 条件从句中的用法 1. 表示与现在事实相反 ▲虚拟条件句的动词用过去时（be的过去时一般用were）,主句的动词用would/could/might/should+动词原形 I would certainly go if I had time.我如果有时间当然去。 If he were here, everything would be all right.要是他在这儿，一切事情都会好的。 2. 表示与过去事实相反 ▲从句中的谓语动词为had+过去分词，主句的谓语动词为would/could/might/should/have+过去分词。 If I hadn’t taken your advice, I would have mad a bad mistake.如果我没听从你的建议，就会犯在错了。 If I hadn’t been for him, we would have lost the game.要不是她，我们会输了比赛。 I could have done better if I had been more careful.如果我更认真点，会做得更好。 3.表示与将来事实相反 ▲从句中的谓语动词为动词过去式/should+动词原形/were+动词原形，主句的谓语动词为should/would/could/might+动词原形。 She won’t come tomorrow. If she came, I would show her my new picture. 她明天不来了。如果她来，我就让她看我的新画。 We wouldn’t lose heart even if we should fail again. 即使我们再失败了，也不泄气。 4. 省略if的情况 如果条件从句中含有were, had, should等，有时可把if省略掉，而把were, had, should放在主语的前面。 Should there be a flood, what we do? 要是发洪水，我们该怎么办？ Had you left a little earlier, you would have caught the train. 要是你早一点儿走，就会赶上火车了。 Were I you, I would try it again. 要是我是你，我会再试一试。 5. 混合条件句(也叫错综条件句): 有时主句和从句的动作发生在不同时间,这时主从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式必须因时间不同而不同. If you wre in better health, we would have allowed you to join them in the work. 如果你身体好些，我们会允许你加入到他们中参加这项工作。 If you had worked harder, you would be studying in college now. 要是你努力学习的话，你现在已在大学里学习了。 6．隐含条件的虚拟条件句 （1）用without, with, but, for 等介词所引起的介词短语来表示隐含条件。 With your help, we might finish the work earlier. 如果有你的帮助，我们可能会早点儿完成工作。 Without water, there would be no life. 如果没有水，就没有生命。 （2）用连词or, otherwise, but, however等表示隐含条件。 She would have come here, but she was too busy with her homework. 她本来早就要到这里来，但是她当时太忙于做作业了。 He was very busy yesterday, otherwise, he would have come to the party. 他昨天太忙了，否则的话，他就会来参加聚会了。 （3）通过分词短语表示隐含条件 Given more attention, the flowers could have grown better. 如果得到更多的关爱，这些花会长得更好。 Supposing it should rain, we would still go. 假如下雨的话，我们还是要去。 7．有时可以省略主句，由if only 引导。如： If only I had more money! 要是我有更多的钱就好了！ If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响就好了。 （二）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 1．在动词wish后的宾