IntroductiontoHCSMCS.pptVIP

Chapter 1Introduction to HCS12/MC9S12 What is a Computer? Software Hardware The Processor Registers Storage locations in the processor Arithmetic logic unit Control unit Program counter keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed. Status register flags the instruction execution result. The microprocessor A processor implemented on a very large scale integration (VLSI) chip Peripheral chips are needed to construct a product The microcontroller The processor and peripheral functions implemented on one VLSI chip Features of the HCS12 Microcontroller 16-bit CPU 64 KB memory space (also supports expanded memory up to 1 MB through a 16-KB window) 0 KB to 4KB of EEPROM 2 KB to 14 KB of on-chip SRAM 32 KB to 512 KB flash memory Sophisticated timer functions that include: input capture, output compare, pulse accumulators, real-time interrupt, and COP timer Serial communication interfaces: SCI, SPI, CAN, BDLC Background debug mode (BDM) 10-bit A/D converter Instructions for supporting fuzzy logic function Semiconductor Memory (1 of 2) Random-access memory (RAM): same amount of time is required to access any location on the same chip Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM): periodic refresh is required to maintain the contents of a DRAM chip Static random-access memory (SRAM): no periodic refresh is required Read-only memory (ROM): can only be read but not written by the processor Mask-programmed read-only memory (MROM): programmed when being manufactured Programmable read-only memory (PROM): is fuse-based, can be programmed by the end user by a burner. Semiconductor Memory (2 of 2) Erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) Electrically programmable many times Erased by ultraviolet light (through a window) Erasable in bulk (whole chip in one erasure operation) Electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) Electrically programmable many times Electrically erasable many times Can be erased one location, one row, or whole chip in one operation Flash memory Electri