患者入院和出院护理（英文2-人体力学）2015-3.ppt.ppt

1 2 3 4 Questions: 她们的姿势有什么不妥？ 如何改正以上姿势？ 腰部骨质增生、椎管狭窄 椎间盘突出症 腰部急慢性外伤或劳损 椎管肿瘤 强直性脊柱炎 。。。。。。。 body mechanics 脊柱承受着人体较大的重量 躯干58％ 一上肢5％ 一下肢16％ 脊柱结构特点 承受很大垂直方向压缩力 易遭受水平方向切力和扭力的破坏 护理工作操作平面较低 Use of leverage Maintain a wide base of support 40～45cm Keep your center of gravity in a low position Keep the gravity line in the base of support Use the large muscle or muscle group Use a minimal amount of muscle Keep your back straight, avoid Stooping Tips of body mechanics （一）lifting （二）Bed making(1 2) Apply body mechanics Lifting Stand directly in front of and close to the object，with feet about shoulder width apart. Lifting Bend the knees and tighten the stomach muscles. Use both hands and grasp the object firmly and pull it as close as possible to your body. Lifting --Lift with the legs, not the back Your back is straight. Bend at the knees and hips. To turn, move the feet around by pivoting on the toes, not by twisting on the stomach. （一）lifting （二）Bed making(1 2) Apply body mechanics 理解护理工作中的常用力学原理 深刻理解人体力学的基本原则 能够用学过的知识分析护理工作中的人体力学问题 有效运用人体力学于护理实践过程中，提高工作效率，避免伤害 * * * * * * * * * * * 王克芳 山东大学护理学院 wangkf@sdu.edu.cn 患者入院和出院的护理 Admission and Discharge §1 Caring for patient’s admission(患者入院护理) §2 Caring for patient’s discharging (患者出院护理) §3 Body mechanics(人体力学) §4 Patient transferring (患者转运) §5 Patient position（患者卧位） Hospital workers experience more lower back pain than many other groups [1,2]. A study conducted on Turkey revealed: 65.8% hospital workers had experienced lower back pain . The highest prevalence was reported by nurses (77.1%) [3] . Occupational exposure is the primary cause of the increase in lower back pain among nurses [4]. 1 2 Principles of body mechanics 3 Tips of body mechanics Definition of body mechanics Topics The application of kinesiology to body movement in daily activities, to prevent and correct the problems associated with posture, and to enhance the coordinat