坊间流行的体重控制产品及药物的谬误-TheChineseUniversityof.ppt

Common chronic diseases Diabetes, hypertension and heart disease A holistic view of health Professor Norman N. Chan Dept of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine CUHK Causes of death in Hong Kong Causes of death Cancer Heart disease Stroke Pneumonia Injury and poisoning kidney disease Septicaemia Chronic liver disease Common conditions in clinics diabetes mellitus respiratory diseases high blood pressure high blood fat skin conditions musculo-skeletal problems Changing demographics Ageing society expected survival 75 years in men 80 years in women Energy abundance overeating unhealthy dietary habits reduced physical activity Psychosocial stress Cardiovascular System Heart acts a pump to deliver oxygen and nutrients to various parts of the body Blood vessels network to distribute nutrients to different parts of the body to maintain function to remove waste products from different parts of body to kidney, lung (CO2) and gut for excretion Blockage of blood vessels cell death loss of function Cardiovascular disease Stroke loss of brain function (e.g. one sided weakness, difficulty of speech, death) Coronary heart disease 3 vessels supplying the heart muscle heart attack - pump failure (low blood pressure, shortness of breath, irregular heart rate, death) Peripheral vascular disease poor healing of skin, leg ulcers and amputation Kidney failure accumulation of waste products Silent conditions High blood pressure 10% of population normal 140/90 mmHg High blood glucose 10% of population normal 4-7 mmol/l High blood fat 10% of population normal: total cholesterol 6.1 mmol/l ; LDL-C (bad 4.1 mmol/l and HDL-C (good 1.1 mmol/l) What is health? A physical, psychological, social state of well being a resource which enhances our quality of life a lifelong process and attributable not only to the health care system, but also to lifestyles, environment, education and socioeconomic factors Modernization/Westernization Individuality Industrialization Food abundan