ch 29 calc ad umch 29 calc and um.pptVIP

Chapter 29: Metamorphism of Calcareous and Ultramafic Rocks Calcareous rocks are predominantly carbonate rocks, usually limestone or dolostone Typically form in a stable continental shelf environment along a passive margin They may be pure carbonate, or they may contain variable amounts of other precipitates (such as chert or hematite) or detrital material (sand, clays, etc.) The spectrum from pure carbonate to purely clastic rocks is essentially complete Become metamorphosed when the passive margin becomes part of an orogenic belt Metamorphism of Calcareous Rocks Metacarbonates are metamorphosed calcareous rocks in which the carbonate component is predominant Marbles are nearly pure carbonate Calc-silicate rocks: carbonate is subordinate and may be composed of Ca-Mg-Fe-Al silicate minerals, such as diopside, grossular, Ca-amphiboles, vesuvianite, epidote, wollastonite, etc. Skarn: calc-silicate rock formed by metasomatism between carbonates and silicate-rich rocks or fluids Contact between sedimentary layers Contact between carbonate country rocks and a hot, hydrous, silicate intrusion, such as a granite Metamorphism of Calcareous Rocks Figure 29.1. Chemographics in the CaO-MgO-SiO2?-CO2?-H2O system, projected from CO2 and H2O. The green shaded areas represent the common composition range of limestones and dolostones. Due to the solvus between calcite and dolomite, both minerals can coexist in carbonate rocks. The dark red left half of the triangle is the area of interest for metacarbonates. Carbonated ultramafics occupy the right half of the triangle. Winter (2010) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall. Figure 29.2. A portion of the Alta aureole in Little Cottonwood Canyon, SE of Salt Lake City, UT, where talc, tremolite, forsterite, and periclase isograds were mapped in metacarbonates by Moore and Kerrick (1976) Amer. J. Sci., 276, 502-524. Winter (2010) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall. Figure 29