水泵性能测试实验装置设计【毕业论文+CAD图纸全套】.doc

摘 要 水泵是人类把自然能转变为有用功的发明之一，水泵种类繁多、使用广泛，属于通用类机械。然而由于液体在泵内流动情况十分复杂，运行工况因时因地都有变化要确保水泵在较高的效率范围内安全经济的运行，就必须了解水泵基本原理、性能变化规律，及时检测水泵性能参数，掌握水泵的实际性能曲线，更好地为生产实践服务 ，以达到节能的目的。 目前获得水泵性能参数及这些参数之间的相互关系，主要依赖于性能试验。为了测定离心泵的各项性能参数，从而绘制离心泵性能曲线。我设计了离心泵性能测试开式试验台，通过此次试验可以熟悉离心泵试验装置的布置以及各种仪表仪器的原理及使用方法。通过该试验台对离心泵流量、扬程、轴功率、效率等的测定可以绘制出离心泵性能曲线，进而达到对离心泵性能的深入了解。 本文研究的系统符合国家标准GB/T3216《离心泵、混流泵、轴流泵和旋涡泵试验方法》。 关键词：水泵 性能参数 性能测试 实验装置 Abstract Human nature is the pump can turn into one of invention， pumps， phyletic， widely use belongs to. However， due to liquid flow within the pump is extremely complex， operating conditions are changing to ensure also describes in high efficiency water within the scope of the safe and economic operation， we must understand the basic principle， the performance of water pump， timely detection performance parameters of the pump， master of actual performance curve， better service for the production practice， in order to achieve the purpose of saving energy. Now get pump performance parameters and the relationship between these parameters， mainly rely on performance tests. To determine the performance parameters of the centrifugal pump， thus rendering centrifugal pump performance curve. I designed the centrifugal pump performance testing， through the test bench type can be familiar with centrifugal pump test equipment layout and various instrument principle and method of use. Through the test of centrifugal pump capacity and head，the shaft power， efficiency of determination can draw the centrifugal pump performance curves of centrifugal pump， and the deep understanding of the performance. This research system complies with the state standard of GB/T3216 the centrifugal pump， mixed flow pump， axial vortex pumps and test methods. Keywords: pumps performanceparameters performancetesting test equipment 目录 前言 1 1 绪 论 2 1.1 课题来源及意义 2 1.2 国内外水泵测试技术发展概况 3 1.3 离心泵的工作原理 4 1.4 离心泵的主要参数 5 2 离心泵的测试原理及方法 6 2.1性能试验各个参数的测量原理及计算 6 2.1.1 参数测量原理 6 2.1.2 参数测试过程 9 2.2 汽蚀试验原理及方法 12