英语译林牛津版选修7Unit4：导学案（Grammar01）.docVIP

英语译林牛津版选修7Unit4：导学案（Grammar01） M7U4 Grammar(1)----(Verb-ed and verb-ing) Learning aims(学习目标): To review the usage of some verb-ed and verb-ing Important points(学习重点) ： To learn how to use some verb-ed and verb-ing in different situations Difficult points(学习难点)：To apply what they have learnt to practice by fulfilling some written tasks Learning guides( 方法导引)：compare, deduce and practice Learning procedure（学习过程）: Step1: v-ing形式与v-ed形式作定语 （1）v-ing形式作定语 1. 单个的v-ing形式可以作前置定语，表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 2. 作定语的v-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。 The bottle _______ _________ should be sent to the laboratory. = The bottle which contains vinegar should be sent to the laboratory. They lived in a house facing south.. = They lived in a house_____ _______ ______. 3. ?某些情况下，定语不能用v-ing形式，必须用定语从句。 ① 作定语的动词-ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。 昨天来的教授将要给我们作一个讲座。 【误】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture. 【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. ② v-ing形式的完成式一般只用作状语，不作定语。 被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。 【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.aving been destroyed by the earthquake，The temple will be rebuilt soon. （2） v-ed形式作定语 1. 单个动词-ed形式作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，作前置定语。 A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。 All the broken doors and windows have been repaired.所有的坏门窗都修好了。 When we arrived, we each were given a printed question paper. 我们到达的时候，每人被发给了一份印制好的试卷。 提示： 如要表示强调，单个动词-ed形式也可作后置定语。 Money spent is more than money earned. 入不敷出。 2. v-ed形式如是一个短语,一般都作后置定语，在语法上相当于一个定语从句。 We have read many novels ________ by this author. = We have read many novels that are written by this author. 被邀请到招待会上的贵宾有一半都是外国大使。 Half of the honored guests