Unit 1 Cultural relics--语法详解 学案（人教版必修2）.docVIP

Unit 1 Cultural relics--语法详解 学案（人教版必修2） 定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句，它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事物，限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去了意义而不能成立。如： A man who doesn’t want to learn from others can’t achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 a man 被限定后，指一类特定的人。 非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词做进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常必须用逗号隔开。如： After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood. 毕业后我决定留在重庆，在那里我曾度过了我的童年。 去掉定语从句后，主句部分的意义仍然完整。 注意：1.that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 2.which引导非限制性定语从句，可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。如： 1)She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into mouth.她听到一声巨响，这把她的心提到了嗓子眼上。(which指代先行词) 2)Betty was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which, of course, made the others unhappy. 贝蒂总是夸她在剧中演得好，这当然使别人不高兴。(which指代前面整个句子) 3.as引导限制性定语从句只用于搭配中，如such...as..., the same...as..., as...as...等。引导非限制性定语从句像which一样代替整个主句的意思。 单项选择 1）Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _________, of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which 解析：这是一个非限定性定语从句，要用关系代词which填写。which在定语从句中作主语。 答案：D 2）We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us _________well gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which 提示：“我们看见几个土著向我们的聚会走过来，其中一个人走到我们面前，我们给了他一些铃铛和眼镜。” 从句使用give sth to sb，用来修饰one of them 构成定语从句，此从句被删去后，整个句子意思依然完整。 答案：B 3）George Orwell, _________ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name, / B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 解析：这是一个非限制性定语从句，real name与George Orwell是所属关系，要用关系代词whose引导定语从句。 答案：D