湖北省小品种蔬菜用药情况调查及产品安全性风险评估.docVIP

湖北省小品种蔬菜用药情况调查及产品安全性风险评估 　　摘要：小品种蔬菜不同于大宗蔬菜，种植规模较小，登记农药种类少，而在实际生产中，由于病虫害防治的迫切需求，用药较多。同时，小品种蔬菜质量安全属于农业部门监管的盲区，其质量安全状况不明。基于此，在湖北省4个地区采集了150份小品种蔬菜样品（细香葱、茼蒿、油麦菜、芫荽、芥蓝、菜薹、樱桃番茄、南瓜、芥菜），对这些蔬菜生产中常见病害和农药使用情况进行了调研，同时对蔬菜中的农药风险因子进行了检测分析，按照英国FSA风险排序体系对蔬菜中有检出的农药残留风险因子进行风险排序。调查和验证结果表明，在一些样品中农药存在超标和禁限用农药的情况，同时农药多残留现象较普遍，给小品种蔬菜的质量安全带来了一定的风险隐患。建议加快小品种蔬菜生产中所用农药最大残留限量标准的制定，为农业主管部门的监管提供建议和对策，保障小品种蔬菜生产的质量安全。 　　关键词：小品种蔬菜；农药残留；风险评估；风险排序；最大残留限量 　　中图分类号：O656 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）10-2627-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.10.044 　　Abstract： Unlike the staple vegetables， the planting areas of small species vegetables are small， and there are only few registration of pesticide species in small species vegetables. However， it is necessary to use amount of pesticides to control pest and disease damage in the actual production. At the same time， the quality of small species vegetables belongs to the blind spots of agricultural sector safety regulatory and their quality and safety are unknown. Therefore，this study collected 150 samples of small species vegetables including chives， crowndaisy chrysanthemum， leaf lettuce， coriander， kale， flowering Chinese cabbage， cherry tomatoes， pumpkin， mustard， in the four regions of Hubei province. The common diseases and pesticide usage in the production of these vegetables were investigated， while pesticide risk factors in the vegetables were detected. According to the UK FSA risk ranking system， pesticide residues risk factors detected in vegetables were ordered. Investigation and verification results showed that excessive and restriction of pesticides in some samples are detectable， and pesticide multi-residues phenomenon are very common， which brings certain risks to the quality and safety of small species vegetable. To solve the above problems， it is recommended to speed up the establishment of pesticide maximum residue limits standards in the small species vegetables， provide suggestions and countermeasures for agriculture authorit