Member Goals” Richard F成员目标“李察. Fenno, Jr. Harvard .pptVIP

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Member Goals” Richard F成员目标“李察. Fenno, Jr. Harvard .ppt

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Member Goals” Richard F成员目标“李察. Fenno, Jr. Harvard

September 28, 2006 Individual motivations and their connections to institutional design Are institutions exogenous or endogenous? Individuals operate within an institutional setting, but they shape that setting, too. What are institutions? Institutions Fixed Buildings, strong and immutable Rules and Procedures, stronger if they have the force of law Patterns of Behavior Habits? “The Electoral Connection and Congress”David R. Mayhew Proximate Goal Reelection Universal Cannot achieve other goals if member is not reelected “All members of Congress have a primary interest in getting re-elected. Some members have no other interest.” Activities Useful for Reelection Advertising visiting constituency, non-political speeches to home audiences, letters of condolence and congratulation, newsletters, opinion editorials Franking Privilege Activities Useful for Reelection Credit Claiming: generating belief that the legislator is personally responsible for a government change Particularized Benefits Given to specific individual or group that allows the single legislator to be recognized Done in an ad hoc fashion Activities Useful for Reelection Position-taking: “public enunciation of a judgmental statement on anything likely to be of interest to political actors” roll call vote, floor addresses, speeches, television appearances, letters, press releases, interviews, etc. Institution Meets Electoral Needs Benefits Associated with the Office Staff, casework capabilities, franking privilege Seniority Committee Structure Platform for position-taking, particularized benefits, allows division of labor among members Parties Majority party could cut off particularized benefits from minority party, but this has not happened “Member Goals”Richard F. Fenno, Jr. Basic Goals of a Legislator 1. Reelection 2. Influence within the House 3. Good Public Policy X. (career beyond house, private gain) Committee membership reflects the goal of a legislators Appropriations, Ways Means “Power,” “Pre