Personal Hygiene Austin Community College District个人卫生奥斯汀社区学院区.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * When circulation slows, clots (thrombi) are more likely to form in those patients with limited activity or incompetent valves. A blood clot can break loose and travel through the blood stream as an embolus leading to potential severe complications. Purpose of Antiembolic Measures Promote the circulation of blood from the legs back to the heart- increase venous return; decrease venous stasis Support valves within peripheral leg veins so that blood is less likely to pool in a dependent position- decreases dependent edema Prevent thrombus formation Assessment Identify conditions that increase the potential for poor circulation and clot formation Post-operative Varicose veins Thrombophlebitis Dehydration Pregnancy Examine lower extremities for poor circulation (Cold, cyanosis), intact skin or ulcerations, distended leg veins, peripheral pulses Assess past history for developing blood clots Interventions / Preventive Measures 1. Leg and Foot Exercises 2. Antiembolism stockings 3. Sequential Compression Devices 4. Avoiding compression of leg vessels Leg and Foot Exercises Alternately flex and extend the foot five times. Make circular movement with the feet five times to the left and then repeat to the right. A leg exercise is to bend the knee and draw the foot up to the thigh, and then extend the leg. These exercises can be active – just have the patient do these ever so often on their own; Or passive. It is common to include these range of motion exercises as part of the bath for the immobile patient and at least every 2 hours for the post-operative patient. Antiembolism Hose Antiembolism stockings are elasticized stockings that provide varying degrees of pressure at different areas of the legs. To provide the optimum amount of pressure, the stockings should fit properly and be free of wrinkles. To ensure a proper fit, the patients leg is measured in length and circumference and then r