PHENIX at RHIC Brookhaven National Laboratory凤凰在RHIC 布克海文国家实验室.pptVIP

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PHENIX at RHIC Brookhaven National Laboratory凤凰在RHIC 布克海文国家实验室.ppt

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PHENIX at RHIC Brookhaven National Laboratory凤凰在RHIC 布克海文国家实验室

18-June-2003 T.K. Hemmick The PHENIX Experiment at RHIC:Can We Rewind the Clock to Catch aGlimpse Near the Beginning of Time? Thomas K Hemmick, Stony Brook University for the PHENIX Collaboration The Beginning of Time Time began with the Big Bang: All energy and matter of the universe was in a state of intense heat and compression. Since then the Universe has cooled While cooling, the material of the universe underwent several phase changes. 2.7 Kelvin is the temperature of most of the universe today. However, there exist a few “hot spots” where the expanding matter has collapsed back in upon itself. What do we know and what can we learn from laboratory experiments about this past history? Evolution of the Universe Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)Pioneering High Energy Nuclear Interaction eXperiment (PHENIX) 2 counter-circulating rings, 3.8 km circumference Any nucleus on any other. Top energies (each beam): 100 GeV/nucleon Au-Au. 250 GeV polarized p-p. Nature is in Charge RHIC provides the energy to reheat matter. PHENIX observes the debris of the collision. Creation of a primordial medium is out of our hands: How and whether the collisions express the energy as new phases of matter cannot be controlled by us. The collisions are so fleeting (Dt ~10-22 sec) the signals from a single such collision travel only several nuclear diameters before the system breaks apart. Nature must create both the medium and its diagnostic signatures. We set the stage and fill the audience, Nature puts on the show. The Medium and the Probe At RHIC energies different mechanisms are responsible for different regions of particle production. The rare process (Hard Scattering or “Jets”) is the probe of whether the soft production products form a medium. Calibrated Probe “The tail that wags the dog” (M. Gyulassy) Fate of Hard Scattered Partons Hard scatterings in nucleon collisions produce jets of particles. In the presence of a color-deconfined medium, the partons strongly int