Precursors to Modern Physics现代物理学的前体.pptVIP

Special Relativity Quiz 9.4 and a few comments on quiz 8.24. Topics in Special Relativity in this course: Inertial frame of reference and the definition of an “event”. The Lorentz Transformation equations of spatial coordinates or time. The Doppler effect: transformation of spatial coordinates and time. Velocity transformation: the derivative of coordinates with respect to time. Momentum and Energy, a step into dynamics. A glimpse into General Relativity if we have time. The Doppler effect: transformation of spatial coordinates and time Doppler effect (review): When the light source is moving away at a velocity v with respect to the observer, the frequency the observer measures relates to the frequency the light source emits through this formula: Here θ is the angle between the velocity v and the line defined by the observer and the source. When θ =0, the course is moving away from the observer. A discussion about redshift and the measurement of stars motion relative to the Earth. Example 2.6: direct application of the above formula. Velocity transformation: the derivative of coordinates with respect to time When a particle moves in frame S with a velocity u, and in frame S’ with a velocity u’, and S’ moves in frame S with a velocity v: Classical mechanics: Special relativity: The 3 dimensional space: still assume S’ moves in S, along its x-axis with velocity v: Example 2.7 Momentum and Energy, a step into dynamics Momentum of a particle of mass m, velocity in frame S: The total energy of a particle mass m, velocity in frame S: When , that is ,the particle has an energy that is its mass: So the kinetic energy of the particle is: Momentum and Energy, a step into dynamics Example 2.9: Example 2.10: momentum conservation and Example 2.11: The reference independent energy and momentum formula: Review questions You accelerate two protons with mass m to a speed of 0.98c and then make them collide head-on. What