Principles of Electronic Communication Systems KMUTNB电子通信系统原理KMUTNB.pptVIP

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Principles of Electronic Communication Systems KMUTNB电子通信系统原理KMUTNB.ppt

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Principles of Electronic Communication Systems KMUTNB电子通信系统原理KMUTNB

Telephones DTMF Telephone System Message Switching Packet Switching Student Notes Global Wireless Education Consortium ? July, 2001 S-PSTN Page * Signaling Stages (Continued) In response to the wink the originating switching office sends the dialed digits to the terminating switching office. There are two types of signaling used for inter-office signaling, inband and out-of-band signaling. Inband signaling sends the signals on the same transmission path that will be used for the call. Multi Frequency (MF) signaling is the most common method of sending inband signals by using a combination of two frequencies for every digit sent over the transmission path. Out-of-band signaling uses a dedicated data link transmission path to send signaling information separate from the transmission path used for the call. Inband signaling will be used for the remainder of this call example. Upon receiving the dialed digits the terminating switching office will translate them to customer’s number receiving the call and check the busy/idle status of the called customer’s line. If the called customer’s line is busy the terminating switching office will return busy tone to the originating switching office. If the called line is idle the terminating switching office will return audible ringing tone back to the originating switching office and also send ringing signal over the customer loop to the called customer’s CPE. The ringing signal is a-84vrms to –104vrms 20Hz signal superimposed on the nominal –48v on the customer loop. Student Notes Global Wireless Education Consortium ? July, 2001 S-PSTN Page * Signaling Stages (Continued) When the called customer answers the call it will send an off-hook signal back to the terminating switching office. The terminating switching office will disconnect both the ringing signal to the called customer and the audible ring to the the originating switching office. The terminating switching office will then send an answer signal bac