Quantum Computing cse量子计算的CSE.yorku.pptVIP

Quantum Information Processing A. Hamed Majedi Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) and RF/Microwave Photonics Group ECE Dept., University of Waterloo Outline Limits of Classical Computers Quantum Mechanics Classical vs. Quantum Experiments Postulates of quantum Mechanics Qubit Quantum Gates Universal Quantum Computation Physical realization of Quantum Computers Perspective of Quantum Computers Moore’s Law Limits of Classical Computation Reaching the SIZE Operational time limits: 1- Quantum Physics has to be considered for device operation. 2- Technologies based on Quantum Physics could improve the clock-speed of microprocessors, decrease power dissipation miniaturize more! (e.g. Superconducting processors based on RSFQ, HTMT Technology) Is it possible to do much more? Is there any new kind of information processing based on Quantum Physics? Quantum Computation Information Study of information processing tasks can be accomplished using Quantum Mechanical systems. Quantum Mechanics History Classical Physics fail to explain: 1- Heat Radiation Spectrum 2- Photoelectric Effect 3- Stability of Atom Quantum Physics solve the problems Golden age of Physics from 1900-1930 has been formed by Planck, Einstein, Bohr, Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Dirac, Born, … Classical vs Quantum Experiments Classical Experiments Experiment with bullets Experiment with waves Quantum Experiments Two slits Experiment with electrons Stern-Gerlach Experiment Exp. With Bullet (1) Exp. With Bullet (2) Exp. With Bullet (3) Exp. with Waves (1) Exp. with Waves (2) Two Slit Experiment (1) Two Slit Experiment (2) Two Slit Exp. With Observer Results from Experiments Two distinct modes of behavior (Wave-Particle Duality): 1- Wave like