Propaganda PPT CSU FullertonCSU Fullerton宣传..pptVIP

PROPAGANDA versus persuasion What is propaganda “Propaganda is the deliberate, systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate cognitions, and direct behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist.” —Jowett ODonnell,?Propaganda and Persuasion Government propaganda Five characteristics of propaganda Propaganda is in the eye of the beholder. “I’m persuading. The other guy is using propaganda.” Propaganda has a strong ideological bent. example: PETA, Queer Nation, or the Army of God Propaganda is institutional in nature. It is practiced by organized groups governments, corporations, social movements, special interests Propaganda relies on mass persuasion television, radio, Internet, billboards Propaganda tends to rely on ethically suspect methods of influence. deception, distortion, misrepresentation, or suppression of information. Propaganda in “abstinence” based sex education Washington Post, December 2, 2004: School children participating in federally funded abstinence-only programs have been taught “false, misleading, or distorted information” over the past three years. Included in the misinformation were claims that: HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, can be spread via sweat and tears. Condoms fail to prevent HIV transmission as often as 31 percent of the time in heterosexual intercourse half the gay male teenagers in the United States have tested positive for the AIDS virus touching a persons genitals can result in pregnancy Common propaganda techniques plain folks appeal (“I’m one of you”) testimonials (“I saw the aliens, sure as I’m standing here”) bandwagon effect (everybody’s doing it) card-stacking (presenting only one side of the story) transfer (positive or negative associations, such as guilt by association) glittering generalities (idealistic or loaded language, such as “freedom” “empowering,” “family values”) name calling (“racist,” “tree hugger,” “femi-nazi”) plain folks appeal Based on the “common man