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Rendering Fake Soft Shadows with Smoothies MIT CSAIL冰沙 MIT CSAIL伪软阴影生成
Rendering Fake Soft Shadows with Smoothies Real-Time Shadows Goals: Interactive framerates Hardware-accelerated Good image quality Dynamic environments Applications: Game engines (e.g. Doom 3) Interactive walkthroughs Challenge: balancing quality and performance Two Algorithms from the 1970’s Shadow volumes (Crow 1977) Object-space Accelerated by hardware stencil buffer Large fillrate consumption Shadow maps (Williams 1978) Image-space Fast and simple Supported in hardware Undersampling artifacts Soft Shadow Volumes Penumbra wedges: Shadow polygons wedges Compute penumbra with pixel shaders Accurate approximation Papers: Assarsson et al. (EGRW 2002, SIGGRAPH 2003, HWWS 2003) But: much higher fillrate needed Soft Shadow Maps Ideas: Filtering Stochastic sampling Image warping Examples: Percentage closer filtering (Reeves et al., SIGGRAPH 1987) Deep shadow maps (Lokovic and Veach, SIGGRAPH 2000) Image-based soft shadows (Agrawala et al., SIGGRAPH 2000) Multisampling hard shadows (Heckbert and Herf, TR 1997) But: need dense sampling to minimize artifacts Soft Shadow Maps (cont.) Approximations Examples: Convolution (Soler and Sillion, SIGGRAPH 1998) Linear lights (Heidrich et al., EGRW 2000) Outer surfaces (Parker et al., TR 1998) Plateaus (Haines, JGT 2001) Penumbra maps (Wyman and Hansen, EGSR 2003) Overview Extend basic shadow map approach Use extra primitives (smoothies) to soften shadows Fake Soft Shadows Shadows not geometrically correct Shadows appear qualitatively like soft shadows Contributions Smoothie shadow algorithm: Creates soft shadow edges Hides aliasing artifacts Efficient (object / image space) Hardware-accelerated Supports dynamic scenes 1. Create Shadow Map Render blockers into depth map 2. Identify Silhouette Edges Find blockers’ silhouette edges in object space 3. Construct Smoothies Blocker only: 3. Construct Smoothies (cont.) Blocker + smoothies: 3. Construct Smoothies (cont.) Smoothie edges are rectangles in screen space with
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