The Ecological Theater and the Evolutionary Play Stony Brook生态戏剧与进化的戏剧石溪.pptVIP

The Ecological Theater and the Evolutionary Play Unabashedly plagiarized from G. E. Hutchinson By Jeff Mitton Hydrothermal Vents Communities A community whose primary energy source was not sunlight harnessed by photosynthesis, but chemical reactions Was this just the first community independent of sunlight? Patchy Occurrence of Species and Communities To what degree are species’ distributions limited by their adaptations environmental heterogeneity? pH? Temperature? F, NH4, CH4, H2, H2S? Henderson, Across a Drift * DUSEL at HUSEP Alvin WHOI Riftia pachyptila oxidation of Fe+2 to Fe+3 drives reduction of SO42- to H2S Microbes oxidize H2S to drive biochemical reactions The Ecological Theater and the Evolutionary Play G. E. Hutchinson Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution Theodosius Dobzhansky Natural selection and adaptive evolution occur in the context of the environment. Within a species, genotypes are unevenly distributed among heterogeneous environments Species are sorted out by environmental variation, persisting in some environments, excluded from other environments 155 35 ZN 2.84 .66 MN 9.8 4.1 SO4 .112 .006 NH4 D4 D1 D1 D3, Plugged D4 26,000 Years A microbial survey of the anoxic water from 2025 D1. Microbial identifications are based of blast searches of 16 S rRNA sequences. A microbial survey of the anoxic water from 2025 D4. Microbial identifications are based of blast searches of 16 S rRNA sequences. Nitrogen NO2 NO3 NH4 Where does it come from? Nitrospira Nitrospira oxides NO2 to NO3 A whole series of questions… What degree of isolation between surface and depth? Will water residence times increase with depth? To what degree are the communities influenced by the thermal gradient? To what degree do communities change with chemistry? Gene flow among environments? Gene flow overridden by selection? Unique, ancient lineages? * * *