The “Greedy Snake” Algorithm University of “贪吃蛇”算法大学.pptVIP

The “Greedy Snake” Algorithm Nick Govier David Newman Overview What is “Greedy Snake”? How does it Work? Problems of Greedy Snake References Demo Questions?? What is “Greedy Snake”? A Feature Extraction technique Sometimes called “Active Contours” Works like stretched Elastic Band being released “Greedy Snake” Theory (1) Initial Points defined around Feature to be extracted Explicitly defined Approximation of an Ellipse Pre-defined number of Points generated “Greedy Snake” Theory (2) Points are moved through an Iterative Process “Energy Function” for each point in the Local Neighbourhood is calculated Move to point with lowest Energy Function Repeat for every point Iterate until Termination Condition met Defined number of iterations Stability of the position of the points Energy Function Three Components Continuity Curvature Image (Gradient) Each Weighted by Specified Parameter Total Energy = α · Continuity + β · Curvature + γ · Image Continuity Abs(avg_dist_btw_nodes – dist(V(i),V(i-1)) Value = Smaller Distance between Points The higher α, the more important the distance between points is minimized Curvature Norm(V(i-1) -2·V(i) + V(i+1))2 Normalised by greatest value in neighbourhood The higher β, the more important that angles are maximized Image (Gradient) - Img_grad (V(i)) High Image Gradient = Low Energy value The higher γ, the more important image edges are Drawing Corners For each Snake Point take Curvature Value IF Greater than other points AND specified Angular Threshold AND Image Gradient high enough THEN set β for that Snake point to 0, allowing a Corner Varying α, β and γ Choose different values dependent on Feature to extract Set α high if there is a deceptive Image Gradient Set β high if smooth edged Feature, low if sharp edges Set γ high if contrast between Background and Feature is low “Greedy Snake” Problems Very sensitive to Noise Both Gaussian and Salt Pepper Before defining initial points Firstly Gaussian Blur image Then apply a Median Fil