Waves and Vibrations MIT波和振动麻省理工学院.pptVIP

Waves and Vibrations Physics: Mr. Maloney Waves are everywhere in nature Sound waves, visible light waves, radio waves, microwaves, water waves, sine waves, telephone chord waves, stadium waves, earthquake waves, waves on a string, slinky waves What is a wave? a wave is a disturbance that travels through a medium from one location to another. a wave is the motion of a disturbance Slinky Wave Let’s use a slinky wave as an example. When the slinky is stretched from end to end and is held at rest, it assumes a natural position known as the equilibrium or rest position. To introduce a wave here we must first create a disturbance. We must move a particle away from its rest position. Slinky Wave One way to do this is to jerk the slinky forward the beginning of the slinky moves away from its equilibrium position and then back. the disturbance continues down the slinky. this disturbance that moves down the slinky is called a pulse. if we keep “pulsing” the slinky back and forth, we could get a repeating disturbance. Slinky Wave This disturbance would look something like this This type of wave is called a LONGITUDINAL wave. The pulse is transferred through the medium of the slinky, but the slinky itself does not actually move. It just displaces from its rest position and then returns to it. So what really is being transferred? Slinky Wave Energy is being transferred. The metal of the slinky is the MEDIUM in that transfers the energy pulse of the wave. The medium ends up in the same place as it started … it just gets disturbed and then returns to it rest position. The same can be seen with a stadium wave. Longitudinal Wave The wave we see here is a longitudinal wave. The medium particles vibrate parallel to the motion of the pulse. This is the same type of wave that we use to transfer sound. Can you figure out how?? show tuning fork demo Transverse waves A second type of wave is a transverse wave. We said in a longitudinal wave the pulse travels in a dire