Why Use Slow Release Fertilizers为什么使用缓释肥料.pptVIP

Slow Release = Controlled Releaseeg CRN = Controlled Release Nitrogen Why Use Slow Release Fertilizers? More uniform growth response No growth surge Longer growth response Less chance of burn Less leaching of nitrate Labor saving Uncoated Slow Release Fertilizers Urea formaldehyde (UF) Methylene urea (MU) Isobutylidene diurea (IBDU) Natural organics Ureaform and Methylene Urea Very similar materials chemically Mostly granular, some liquids about 40% N, 70% WIN (28% N for liquids, all soluble) Formed by reacting urea and formaldehyde = chains of alternating C and N Main difference is chain length, and as a result, mineralization rate Products Formolene 30-0-2 FLUF 18-0-0 Nitro 26 CRN 26-0-0 Nitroform (Powder Blue, Blue Chip) 38-0-0 CoRoN 28-0-0 (25% of total N is urea) Different Chain Lengths Ureaform and Methylene Urea Designed to release N for 8-12 weeks Contains unreacted urea, fast greening Requires soil microbial activity temperature sensitive, soil at 78o F is four times as active as soil at 42o F moisture sensitive Seasonal response Mineralization The decomposition of complex, N-containing organic molecules and the resulting release of NH4 MU, UF Chain Length Determines SolubilityThe longer the chain, the less soluble it is, and the slower it will be mineralized. Some may be so long that they are essentially insoluble, and won’t break down. N Release from UF, MU Determined by Solubility Test Water soluble vs Water insoluble fractions: CWSN, cold water soluble N, is soluble at 25o C, is quickly available to the turf. Includes unreacted urea and short chain molecules CWIN, cold water insoluble N. What remains insoluble at 25o C. Longer chain, N is released slower, over a period of several weeks HWIN, N insoluble at 100o C. Longest chain, N released over months or years How Much Dissolves at 25o C? How Much Dissolves at 100o C? Activity Index, AI Basically the fraction of CWIN that goes into solution in hot water. It estimates the slow-release value o