科技英语PPT课件.pptVIP

Mathematics What is Mathematics, Anyway? Discuss Did you ever study mathematics? What sub-fields have you studied? What is Mathematics? What is Mathematics? Make a definition Two definitions attempted in the articlea broad definitiona standard definition Movie clip The Division of Mathematics How to classify mathematical ideas? There are two ways__________________________________________________________________ Sentence understanding While it is perhaps easier for the reader to have the material pre-filtered according to application, this hides the fact that the underlying mathematics is really quite similar – radioactive decay is essentially the same as inflationary depreciation of investments, for example. How Many Parts of Mathematics? How Many Parts of Mathematics? Why foundations, algebra, geometry, analysis are grouped together? Key …to decide which books and articles intend to reveal structure of mathematics itself, and which intend to apply mathematics to closely allied areas. What are the examples which may support “applying mathematics to closely allied areas? How Many Parts of Mathematics? Sentence understanding However, these themes are sometimes best woven together into areas of study which are not so much research into mathematics as research into the enterprise of mathematics –“epi-mathematic”, perhaps. But Is This Division “Real”? What’s the relationship between pure mathematics and applied mathematics? Exercises (P.6) II III KEY (1) 此处我们对数学进行宽泛地定义。它包括所有涉及数量、几何和逻辑的相关领域；其中包括统计学、计算机学、逻辑学、应用数学、以及其它通常被认为迥异于数学的领域，也包括研究数学研究的学科，如数学史、数学教育等。 (2) 数学与逻辑学二者的相似性仅此而已，不应加以高估。后者可被视为对任一概念的处理，而前者主要关心数值概念。尽管在对数量概念进行分析时，数学可能会介入逻辑，在从事数学研究时我们也可能要使用逻辑思维能力，但它们到底分属于不同的兴趣领域。二者虽有理性共核，但研究范围殊异，更非互补。 The reason for it is that mathematics is a two-stage process. Rather than studying the world directly, mathematicians create so-called models of the world, and study them. This applies even to the simplest mathematics. After the age of four or five we do not study addition by a