英文合同的制式语言L3.2讲课.ppt

Lecture 3. Language Features of International Economic Trade Contracts B.制式短语 1）(be) subject to e.g. The SELLER REPRESENTATIVE shall be an employee of the SELLER. The appointment, change, or any delegation of the authority of, the SELLER REPRESENTATIVE and any terms thereof shall be subject to prior approval by the BUYER, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. TT: 卖方必须是卖方的雇员。卖方代表的任命、变更或授权以及任何这方面的条件都必须得到买方的事先批准，但买方不得无故拒绝或拖延。 2. 英文合同的制式语言 B.制式短语 1） (be) subject to e.g. Unless expressly otherwise provided for in any CHANGE ORDER, all rates and prices stated herein are fixed and not subject to any revision, escalation, or adjustment whether due to currency fluctuations or otherwise. TT: 除非变更单中明确做出不同规定，否则，本合同所确定的所有费用和价格都是固定的，不得进行修改、涨价或调整，是否因为货币波动或其他原因概不例外。 2. 英文合同的制式语言 B.制式短语 1） (be) subject to * Tips: “Subject as hereinafter provided” = Subject to the following provisions in this Clause b. Subject to the following provisions in this Agreement ∴为避免表达不清，最好应指明具体条款。 2. 英文合同的制式语言 B.制式短语 2） notwithstanding e.g. Neither the BUYER nor the SELLER shall be liable one to the other for any delay or failure to perform its obligations under the PURCHASE AGREEMENT where and to the extent such delay or failure is caused by Force Majeure. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the BUYER’s obligation to pay the PURCHASE AGREEMENT PRICE, or any other sums due under the PURCHASE AGREEMENT, is not so suspended. TT: 买方和卖方对因不可抗力造成的履行迟延或无法履行彼此不承担任何责任。 尽管有前述规定，但买方支付采购订单价格的义务或其他到期款项并不因此推迟。 2. 英文合同的制式语言 Subject to 买方支付采购订单价格的义务或其他到期款项并不因此推迟，但上述规定除外。 B.制式短语 2） notwithstanding * Tips: Notwithstanding 后紧跟“any other provision of this Agreement” 表明本条款就其所规定的内容在整个合同中处于最优先考虑的地位，任何其他条款都不得同它抵触，即便出现抵触情况，也应以本条款为准。但如果一个协议中出现了两个条款都有“Notwithstanding any other provision of this Contract” 则两者很可能会发生冲突。 ∴ 阅读时应多加注意。 2. 英文合同的制式语言 B.制式短语 3） without prejudice to e.g. The contributing parties shall provide security for general average contribution at the request of the parties t