thermodynamics of multicomponent systems.pptVIP

Chapter 4 Thermodynamics of multi-component system 4.2.1 Definition of partial molar quantities Any extensive thermodynamic factor X in a multi-component system depends on the composition, pressure and temperature of the system. That is, Total differentiation of this equation gives It has to point out that： （1）only extensive quantities have partial molar quantities, intensive quantities do not have; （2）it is at constant T and p that the differentiation of certain extensive quantity is called the partial molar quantities. The differentiation at other constant conditions is not called the partial molar quantity; （3）The partial molar quantities are intensive quantities; （4）The partial molar quantities for a pure substance are their molar quantities. For example Show that： 4.4 Chemical potential of a gas in a mixture of gases For a pure real gas system, equation changes into For a pure ideal gas, VB(g)= RT/p, pB=p, we have 4.5 Raoult’s law and Henry’s law Example Solution 4.5.2 Henry’s law The Raoult’s law and Henry’s law both hold for a dilute solution 4.6 Ideal liquid mixtures 4.6.2 The chemical potential of a component of an ideal liquid mixture 4.6.3 Mixing of ideal liquid mixtures (2) Enthalpy change on mixing (3) Entropy change on mixing (3) Entropy change on mixing (4) Gibbs function change on mixing §4.7 Ideal dilute solutions 4.7.1. Chemical Potential of Solvent 4.7.1. Chemical Potential of Solvent 4.7.2 Chemical potential of solute 4.7.2 Chemical potential of solute 4.7.3 Chemical potentials of solute in other concentration scales 4.7.4 Distribution law 4.8 Colligative properties of dilute solutions 4.8.1 Vapor pressure lowering 4.8.2 Freezing point depression 4.8.3 Boiling point elevation osmotic pressure 例题3 例题3 4.9 Fugacity and coefficient of fugacity 4.9.2 Calculation of fugacity coefficient and generalized correlations Not required 4.10 Activity and activity coefficient The activity of component B can be obtained in terms of the measurement of t