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managingsuccessfulgovernancereforms

MANAGING SUCCESSFUL GOVERNANCE REFORMS: LESSONS OF DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF GOVERNANCE REFORMS IN UGANDA Mark Robinson Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex Study Commissioned by the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management (PREM) Network The World Bank, Washington D.C. Revised Draft, 23 December 2004 THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF GOVERNANCE REFORMS IN UGANDA Mark Robinson Summary This paper presents a case study of successful governance reforms highlighting the political and institutional factors that explain different trajectories of implementation as well as features that they share in common. Specific reform initiatives in Uganda are examined in the wider context of economic and governance reforms in the 1990s for illustrative and comparative purposes. Despite variations in content and focus the governance reforms examined in this paper are designed to promote structural changes in state institutions and change the incentives that shape the behavior of state actors. The three cases of governance reforms in Uganda surveyed in this paper – civil service reform, the creation of a semi-autonomous revenue authority, and anti-corruption agencies – share a number of common features. First, they have all passed through a similar trajectory in their implementation, in which initial success in achieving a number of key objectives has been gradually undermined, resulting in a loss of momentum or reversals. Second, the institutional features that appear to account for initial success also help to explain their susceptibility to a process of unravelling, namely strong political support to technocratic or bureaucratic elites with some degree of insulation from political and societal interests through the creation of specialised, semi-autonomous agencies responsible for reform implementation. Third, the principal explanation for stalled reform or reversals lies in the imperative of preservi

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