No peroxisome is an island — Peroxisome contact sites.pdfVIP

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1863 (2016) 1061–1069 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biochimica et Biophysica Acta journal homepage: /locate/bbamcr Review No peroxisome is an island — Peroxisome contact sites☆ Nadav Shai, Maya Schuldiner, Einat Zalckvar ? Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel article info Article history: Received 2 July 2015 Received in revised form 10 September 2015 Accepted 11 September 2015 Available online 16 September 2015 Keywords: Peroxisome Membrane contact site Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Lipid droplet Chloroplast abstract In order to optimize their multiple cellular functions, peroxisomes must collaborate and communicate with the surrounding organelles. A common way of communication between organelles is through physical membrane contact sites where membranes of two organelles are tethered, facilitating exchange of small molecules and intracellular signaling. In addition contact sites are important for controlling processes such as metabolism, organelle traf?cking, inheritance and division. How peroxisomes rely on contact sites for their various cellular activities is only recently starting to be appreciated and explored and the extent of peroxisomal communication, their contact sites and their functions are less characterized. In this review we summarize the identi?ed peroxisomal contact sites, their tethering complexes and their potential physiological roles. Additionally, we highlight some of the preliminary evidence that exists in the ?eld for unexplored peroxisomal contact sites. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Peroxisomes edited by Ralf Erdmann. ? 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Organelle communication through contact sites The hallmark of eukaryotic cells is compartmentalization of cellular domains into membrane-bound organelles. Organelles allow the segregation and regulation of multiple parallel processes that require unique conditions