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Reference directions and reference objects in spatial memory of a briefly viewed layout.pdf

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Reference directions and reference objects in spatial memory of a briefly viewed layout.pdf

Available online at Cognition 108 (2008) 136–154 /locate/COGNIT Reference directions and reference objects in spatial memory of a brie?y viewed layout Weimin Mou a,b,*, Chengli Xiao a, Timothy P. McNamara c a State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 10A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China b Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Canada c Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, USA Received 8 March 2007; revised 21 January 2008; accepted 4 February 2008 Abstract Two experiments investigated participants’ spatial memory of a brie?y viewed layout. Participants saw an array of ?ve objects on a table and, after a short delay, indicated whether the target object indicated by the experimenter had been moved. Experiment 1 showed that change detection was more accurate when non-target objects were stationary than when non-target objects were moved. This context e?ect was observed when participants were tested both at the original learning perspective and at a novel perspective. In Experiment 2, the arrays of ?ve objects were presented on a rectangular table and two of the non-target objects were aligned with the longer axis of the table. Change detection was more accurate when the target object was presented with the two objects that were aligned with the longer axis of the table during learning than when the target object was presented with the two objects that were not aligned with the longer axis of the table during learning. These results indicated that the spatial memory of a brie?y viewed layout has interobject spatial relations represented and utilizes an allocentric reference direction. ó 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Spatial memory; Scene recognition; Spatial frames of reference * Corresponding author. Address: Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 10A Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail address: mouw@ (W. Mou). 0010-0277/$ - see front matter