湖南大学机械振动习题课答案.ppt

解答 这里， 12-* Arbitrary Excitation Duhamel’s Integral Notice Integral interval 12-* Free vibration of 2-DOF spring-mass system and The general equation of motion 12-* Mode shape First Mode Shape Second Mode Shape Natural frequencies The general displacement for free vibration is: 12-* Forced Harmonic Excitations-2-DOF System In matrix notation, the equations of motion are: Using Cramer’s rule, the amplitudes of vibration are given as: And The solution can be assumed as: and results 12-* Dynamic Response of MDOF Systems: Mode-Superposition Method Highly Coupled Systems Simplified SDOF systems Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Higher Modes 12-* Dynamic Response of MDOF Systems: Mode-Superposition Method Consider the equations of motion on an N-DOF system. The above equation is generally a set of coupled equations of motion for an N-DOF system, where {x} are the physical coordinates. In the modal technique, the key step is to decoupled the equations, so that the equations can be solved independently as SDOF systems in the principal ( modal ) coordinates. 12-* Note: To transform the equations from the physical to the principal coordinates, we make use of the modal matrix [P] of the system. and is the ith mode shape of the system Using the above transformation equation and pre-multiple the original equation of motion by the transpose of the modal matrix [P]T gives: where ith modal force is given as: 12-* Due to the orthogonality conditions, the off-diagonal terms: Modal damping The off-diagonal terms are set to zeros, on the assumption that Modal mass Modal stiffness Modal force 12-* Decoupled equations of motion in the principal coordinates are: The decoupled equations can be solved as SDOF systems. The response in the physical coordinates are given as: 12-* Example: 4-Storey Building Natural Frequencies Mode Shapes 12-* ? Determine the three modal quantities: ? modal mass ? modal stiffness ? modal force ? Determine steady-state solution for ? Determine the stea