词汇学课件 A Course in Modern English Lexicology PowerPoint 演示文稿.pptVIP

A Course in Modern English Lexicology（词汇学） ---Word formation（构词法） The major branches of linguistics 1. Phonetics语音学 2. Phonology音系学 3. Morphology形态学 4. Syntax句法学 5. Semantics语义学 6. Pragmatics语用学 7. Sociolinguistics社会语言学 8. Applied linguistics应用语言学 9. psycholinguistics. 心理语言学 A Course in Modern English Lexicology（词汇学） Contents 1. Introduction: Word, Vocabulary and Lexicology 2. A historical perspective of English vocabulary 3.Word Formation 4. Word meaning(denotation外延 and connotation内延) and meaning relations(synonymy, antonymy, and hierarchical meaning relations多义关系) 5. Multi-word Lexical Units: Collocation, Lexical Phrase and Idiom 6. Lexicology and Lexicography(词汇学与词典学) What is lexicology and morphology（形态学） Definition of lexicology: Lexicology is that part of linguistics which studies words, their nature and meaning, words’ elements, relations between words, words groups and the whole lexicon. What is morphology? It is the branch of grammar that studies the internal structure of words, and rules by which words are formed. A Course in Modern English Lexicology（词汇学） Morphology ---Word formation（构词法） Word formation in English Two main types of word formation in English 1. Derivation（派生词） 2. Compound（复合词） 3. Conversion (转化) Minor processes of word formation 1. Blending(拼缀) 2. Clipping(缩略/剪切) 3.Acronym首字母缩写 4. Back-formation 逆构词 5.Analogy 类推构词 6. Borrowing外来词 1. Derivation（派生词） Root,stem,affix（词根，词干，词缀） A “root” is the base form of a word that cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity. A “stem”is morpheme（词素） or combination of morphemes to which an inflectional affix（屈折词缀） can be added。 An “affix” is the collective term for the type of formative that can be used only when added to another root. (It can be classified into 3 subtypes: prefix; suffix; infix中缀) 例如：Friendships--- “friendship” is its stem; “friend” is its root; “s” is its suffix I. Major process of word formation The chief processes of English word-formation by which the base may be