2014届高考二轮专题复习课件精品非谓语动词讲解之动词不定式.pptVIP

非谓语动词讲解之; 1. 构成： 不定式由_______________构成，其否定形式是__________________不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。; 2.用法： 不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for sb”构成。; (1) 作主语 眼见为实。 To see is to believe． 打篮球很有趣。 To play basketball is a great pleasure.;不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。 戒烟是对的。 To give up smoking is right. = It is right to give up smoking.; (2) 作宾语 他想离开。 He wanted to leave． 我们已经决定帮助他们 We have decided to give them a hand. ;我发现和他一起工作有趣。 I find to work with him interesting. = I find it interesting to work with him. 不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾补，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。 ;跟不定式作宾语的常见动词: hope, want , expect, wish, desire, like, love, dislike ,hate, plan, intend, mean, prepare, decide, determine, afford, fail, manage, try、dare, help , promise、refuse、 learn、offer、 agree、forget ,bother . ;不定式动词作介词but，except，besides 的宾语时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词 do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式_______，否则___。也就是说：有do无to，无do有to。;她只会哭了。 She could do nothing but cry． 我不得不走。 I have no choice but to leave． ; (3) 作补足语 他叫我跟他一起做这个工作。 He asked me to do the work with him． 老师说的话鼓励我们尽最大努力学习。 What the teacher said encouraged us to try our best at our work. ;1)有些感官动词和使役词后的宾语补足语中不定式不带to 感官动词：feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch 使役动词：have，1et, make; 但是： 这些句如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。 He made his sister cry. His sister was made to cry.;2). ask, tell, request, order等表要求,命令的动词 主席要求成员们保持安静。 The chairman requested the members to be silent. 3). allow, permit, forbid等表许可或禁止的动词 保安禁止我们进去。 The guard forbade me to enter. ;4).wish, want, expect, intend等表希望的动词(hope无此用法) Many parents expect their children to study abroad. ;我有几本书供给你读。 I have some books for you to read. ; 注①：作定语的不定式应是及物动词，如是不及物动词或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词;他在找一个房间住。 He is looking for a room to live in ． 没 什么可担心的。 There is nothing to worry about． 请给我把刀子来切东西。 Please give me a knife to cut with． ; 但是 He had no place to