2014届高考英语总复习教案：语法梳理 主谓一致（20页Word文档） Word版含解析.docVIP

知识精讲 在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在一致、一致以及就近一致三个方面。 一、语法一致原则 只要确定句子的主语是单数意义，则谓语用单数，句子的主语意义复数，则谓语用复数。具体表现如下： 1.不可数名词作主语，一律视为单数。某些以s结尾的单数名词作主语，仍视为单数。 No news is good news. His task was to collect information. How much machinery has been installed? 2.表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 When and where to go for the on－salary holiday has not been decided yet. 3. “ one, either, neither, each of ＋复数名词或代词”作主语时， 谓语用单数。 Either of the stories is very funny. 4.something, everything, anything, nothing，somebody, nobody, no one 等不定代词作主语，谓语通常是单数。 Nothing is impossible. 5.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 Ten pounds was missing from the box. 6. a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a pair of 等量词修饰名词，通常以量词的单复数形式来决定谓语的单复数。 This pair of glasses is very expensive. Two series of new stamps have been ordered. 7.a number of ＋复数名词，“许多……”，复数意义；the number of ＋复数名词，“……的数目”，单数意义。the population of…“……的人口数量”作主语时，谓语用单数，但如果是分数、百分数、half of, the rest of the population 作主语时，具体指其中的多少人，复数意义，谓语则用复数。the average of…“……的平均数量”，作主语时，谓语用单数。 The number of the students in our school is quite large and a number of teachers work hard. The population of China is large and most of the population are farmers. 8.主语后with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as 等短语时，谓语动词的数要和这些短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致。(因为with等词为介词，其后跟的名词只能是介宾，不可能充当主语。) Mr. Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. 9.“the ＋adj.”结构指一类人时，谓语动词用复数；如果指个别人或表示抽象的概念，谓语动词用单数。 The disabled are well taken care of in this country. The dead in this accident was 20, a girl from Nanjing University. The new is certain to replace the old. 10.分数、百分数、all, some, the rest, half of, most of, part of 等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据其指代的含义确定。 The rest of the workers are still very tired. 11.当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。另外，当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时，其实是指两种不同的事物，主语则应该看作是复数， 那么谓语动词也应该用复数。 War and peace is a constant theme in history. Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality. 英语中并列结构表示整体概念的有： iron and steel 钢铁 law