[名校联盟]江苏省赣榆县厉庄高级中学高三英语复习：主谓一致讲解与训练.docVIP

在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。 （一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如： What I bought were three English books. What I say and do are helpful to you. 2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如： Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 【注意】① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词用单数形式。另外，两种抽象的东西被人们看作是不可分割的一个整体，两个名词已构成一种食品等时，谓语动词也用单数形式。如： The writer and artist has come. Truth and honesty is the best policy. War and peace is a constant theme in history. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Egg and rice is her usual breakfast. ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every, more than a / an / one , many a / an(很多……)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如： Every student and (every) teacher was in the room. No boy and (no) girl likes it. Many a boy and (many a) girl has seen the painting. Each animal and (each) tree is well tended in the park. More than a / one person has voted against(投票反对) him. ③ “more + 复数名词 + than one”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： More students than one were against his plan. ④ each放在复数名词 / 代词后面时，谓语动词用复数形式。如： We each have our own desks. ⑤ 由and连接的两个或多个动名词或不定式作主语，如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似，谓语用单数；如果语义不一致，则谓语用复数。例如： 　　 Lying and stealing are not right. 　　 To love and to be loved is sweet to me. 　　 Weeping and wailing(哀诉, 呜咽) does nothing towards solving the problem. 　　 Reading Ibsen and solving maths problems are different assignments. 3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides,