高中虚拟语气讲义.doc

高考冲刺教材——语法 第 讲 虚拟语气 适用学科 英语 适用年级 高三年级 适用区域 人教版 课时时长（分钟） 120分钟 知识点 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用。 2. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用。 虚拟语气在as if / as though引导的从句中的运用。 4. 虚拟语气在定语从句和状语从句中的运用。 学习目标 让学生了解虚拟语气的考点，并学会做该类型的高考题。 学习重点 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用。 2. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用。 虚拟语气在as if / as though引导的从句中的运用。 学习难点 虚拟语气在各从句中的运用。  学习过程 一、课堂导入 复习上节课所学情态动词，并引入虚拟语气：虚拟语气为高考英语考纲要求内容，且是高考内容中的难点之一。预计在以后的高考中，可能会对虚拟语气进行考查，且通过虚拟语气形式考查某种时态的某个形式。 二、知识讲解 必考点1 ：虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用。 情况 从句 主句 例句 与现在事实相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were） 主语+should/ would/ could/ might+动词原形 If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事实相反的假设 If+主语+ had +过去分词 主语+should/ would/ could/ might+ have +过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam. 与将来事实相反的假设 If +主语+动词的过去式 If +主语+were to+动词原形 If +主语+should+动词原形 主语+should/ would/ could/ might+动词原形 If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 使用该虚拟条件句时，要注意以下几点： 省略if的倒装句 在虚拟条件句中，可将if省略，把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。 如：If I were at school again, I should study harder. →?If were I at school again, I should study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus. → Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. → Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 注意：当省略的条件状语从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用动词的缩略形式。如： 我们可以说：were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now. 但不能说：weren’t it for the expense, I would go abroad now. 2. 错综时间条件句 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 3. 含蓄条件句 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是暗含在上下文中。 (1) 用with，without或but for等来代替条件从句。 如：Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. = But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. = If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of ti